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DETERMINANTS OF UNDER NUTRITION AMONG SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN IN A NAIROBI PERI-URBAN SLUM
Abstract
Background: Malnutrition is a major public health concern affecting a signifi cant number of school age children infl uencing their health, growth and development, and school academic performance.
Objective: To establish the determinants of under nutrition among school age children between 6-12 years in a low-income urban community.
Design: A cross-sectional descriptive study.
Setting: Kawangware peri-urban slum, Nairobi, Kenya.
Subjects: Three hundred and eighty four school children aged 6 - 12 years.
Results: A total of 4.5% were wasted, 14.9% underweight and 30.2% stunted. The children who were over nine years of age were more underweight (72.4%, p=0.000) and stunted (77.2%, p=0.000) than those below eight years. The girls were more wasted (29.1 %, p=0.0 13) than the boys (18.2%), whereas the boys were more stunted (65.7%, p=0.003)
than the girls (50.7%). The other variables found to have had signifi cant association with the nutritional status of the children were: monthly household income (p=0.008), food prices (p=0.012), morbidity trends (p=0.045), mode of treatment (p=0.036) and school attendance (p=0.044).
Conclusion: The fi ndings of this study show evidently that there is under nutrition among school age children, with stunting being the most prevalent. The Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health therefore need to develop policies which can alleviate under nutrition among school age children. We also recommend that awareness be created among the school age children, parents and teachers, on the dietary requirements of both boys and girls.
Objective: To establish the determinants of under nutrition among school age children between 6-12 years in a low-income urban community.
Design: A cross-sectional descriptive study.
Setting: Kawangware peri-urban slum, Nairobi, Kenya.
Subjects: Three hundred and eighty four school children aged 6 - 12 years.
Results: A total of 4.5% were wasted, 14.9% underweight and 30.2% stunted. The children who were over nine years of age were more underweight (72.4%, p=0.000) and stunted (77.2%, p=0.000) than those below eight years. The girls were more wasted (29.1 %, p=0.0 13) than the boys (18.2%), whereas the boys were more stunted (65.7%, p=0.003)
than the girls (50.7%). The other variables found to have had signifi cant association with the nutritional status of the children were: monthly household income (p=0.008), food prices (p=0.012), morbidity trends (p=0.045), mode of treatment (p=0.036) and school attendance (p=0.044).
Conclusion: The fi ndings of this study show evidently that there is under nutrition among school age children, with stunting being the most prevalent. The Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health therefore need to develop policies which can alleviate under nutrition among school age children. We also recommend that awareness be created among the school age children, parents and teachers, on the dietary requirements of both boys and girls.
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