Antioxidant activity of compounds isolated from the butanol fraction of Acalypha wilkesiana var. golden-yellow (Muell & Arg.)
Abstract
Background: Free radicals (FR) and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) are major sources of concern in some health conditions such as wounds, ulcers, inflammations, heart troubles and cancers amongst many others. These chemical species have been implicated as the causative agents of these and many more similar disease conditions. The cost of treating / managing these medical conditions has continued to take a huge toll on the socio-economic status of sufferers/patients. Many bio-resources such as plants are now being used to mitigate this worrisome health challenge.
Objective: To investigate the antioxidant activity of Acalypha wilkesiana var. golden-yellow (Muell & Arg.) syn. A. wilkesiana var. tropical tempest.
Methods: The leaf crude extract, butanol fraction and three isolates (W-1, W-2 and W-3 previously obtained from the silica-gel column chromatographic separation of the butanol fraction) were to be screened for antioxidant activities using the rapid free-radical scavenging activity test and absorption spectrophotometry, both employing DPPH reagent.
Results: The initial free-radical scavenging activity of the plant was confirmed when the DPPH reagent-sprayed spots of the plant extract/fraction/isolates (W-1, W-2 and W-3) showed white color on purple background. W-1 (an ester) gave a marginal IC50 of 0.77 μg mL-1as vitamin A at 0.79 μg mL-1 while W-2 (a diol) and W-3 (phenol) both demonstrated moderate antioxidant activities of 0.58 and 0.53 μg mL-1 respectively. However, W-3 was more antioxidant in its action and its value compare favorably with IC50 value obtained with vitamin C (a standard antioxidant drug) at 0.41μg mL-1.
Conclusion: The results of the antioxidant assays have showed that the compounds obtained from the plant (especially W-2 and W-3) could be considered as lead antioxidant drug templates in further in-vitro [especially structural activity relationship studies (SARS)] and in-vivo studies with the aim of improving on their activities.
Keywords: Free- radicals; antioxidant activity; DPPH assay; isolates; Acalypha wilkesiana var.golden-yellow
References
Alemika TE, Onawunmi GO and Olugbade TA (2004). Isolation and characterization of incensole from Boswellia dalzielli stem bark. J. Pharm. Biores. 1: 7-11.
Ashcroft GS (1999). Mice lacking smad3 show accelerated wound healing and impaired local inflammatory response. Natural Cell Biol., 1: 260-266.
Baxter JD, Webb P, Grover G, and Scanlan TS (2004). Selective activation of thyroid hormone signalling pathways Gc-1: A new approach to controlling cholesterol and body weight. Trends Endocrinol. Metabol., 15:154-155.
Blois MS (1958). Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free-radical. Nature, 181:1199-1200.
Braca A, Polili M, Sanogo R, Sanou H, Morelli I, Pizza C and De-Tommasi N (2003). Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds from wild and cultivated Sclerocerya birrea (Anacardiaceae) leaves. J. Agric. Food Chem. 51: 6689-6695.
Burits M and Bucar F (2000). Antioxidant activity of Nigella sativa essential oil. Phytother. Res. 14: 323-328.
Bondet V, Brand-Williams W and Berset C (1997). Kinetic and mechanisms of antioxidant activities using the DPPH free-radical method. Lebansmittel Wissenshaft Und Technologie, 30: 609-615.
Cuendet M, Hostettmann K and Potterat O (1997). Indoid glycosides with free-radical scavenging properties from Fragranea blumei. Helvelica Chimi Acta, 80: 1144-1152.
Dalziel JM (1956). Useful plants of West Tropical Africa. Crown agents for overseas governments, and administrations, London, p. 52.
Daniel RS, Bifu CM, Devi KS and Augusti KT (1998). Antioxidant effects of two flavonoids from the bark of Ficus bengalensis Linn., in hyperlipidemic rats. Ind. J. Exper. Biol. 36: 902-906.
Dufeng H and Arthur C (2004). Alcohol, oxidative stress and free-radical damage. http://www.niaa.nih.com (Accessed: 2011-09-01).
Evans WC (2009). ‘Pharmacognosy’. 16th edition. WB Saunders Company, London, pp. 154-155 and 246-251.
Grassmann J, Schneider D, Weiser D and Elsmer EF (2001). Anti-oxidative effect of lemon oil and its components on copper induced oxidation of LDL. Arzneimittel Forschung, 51: 799-805.
Guangrong H, Jiaxin J and Dehui D (2008). Anti-oxidative and antibacterial activity of the methanol extract of Artemisia anomala S. Moore. Afri. J. Biotech. 7: 1335-1338.
Guyton M and Hall B (2006). Textbook on medical physiology, 11th ed., Elsevier publishers, London, pp. 65-72.
Hu C and Kitts D (2000). Studies on the antioxidant activity of Echinacea root extract. J. Agric. Food Chem., 48: 1466-1472.
Khaled FE, Ahmed HE and Amr F (2002). Antioxidant activity of volatile components of Egyptian Artemisia judaica L. Food Chem. 78: 331-336.
Kirby AJ and Schmdt RJ (1997). Antioxidant activity of Chinese herbs for eczema and placebo herbs. Int. J. Pharmacol. 56: 103-108.
Lagouri V and Boskou D (1995). Screening for antioxidant activity of essential oils obtained from spices. In: Charalampous G. food flavors. Generation, analysis and process influence. Elsevier publishers, Arsterdam, pp. 869-874.
Lebeau J, Furman G, Bernier JL, Durietz P, Teissier E and Cotelle N (2000). Antioxidant properties of di-tert-butylhydroxylated flavonoids. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 29: 900-912.
Leitao GG, Leitao SG and Vilegas W (2002). Quick preparative separation of natural naphthoquinones with antioxidant activity by high speed counter current chromatography. Z. Naturefursch, 57: 1051-1055.
Liyana-Pathirana CM and Shahidi F (2006). Antioxidant properties of commercial salt and hard water wheat (Trilicum aestivum L.) and their milling fractions. J. Sci. Food Agric. 86: 477-485.
Malaya G, Upal KM, Ramanathan SK, Thangavel S, Madgula L, Mohan V (2004). Antitumour activity and antioxidant status of Caesalpinia Bonducella against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in Swiss albino mice. J. Pharmacol. Sci. 94: 177-184.
Meir S, Kanner J and Akiri B (1995). Determination and involvement of aqueous reducing compounds in oxidative defence systems of various senescing leaves. J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 1813-1815.
Nadier, B (2007). Inflammation, free radicals, oxidative stress and antioxidants. http://www.beverlynadier.com/html/inflammation.html (Accessed: 2011-03-09).
Nagalapur SK and Paramjyothi S (2010). In-vitro antioxidant activity of Launaea pinnatifida Cass leaves. The Bioscan. 5: 105-108.
Nia R, Paper DH, Essien EE, Oladimeji OH, Iyadi KC and Franz G (2003). Investigation into in-vitro radical scavenging and in-vivo anti-inflammatory potential of Tridax procumbens. Nig. J. Physiol. Sci. 18: 39-43.
Odebiyi OO and Sofowora A (1978). Phytochemical screening of Nigerian medicinal plants-Part I. Lloydia. 41: 234.
Odebiyi OO and Sofowora A (1979). Phytochemical screening of Nigerian medicinal plants-Part II. 2nd OAU/STRC Inter-African symposium on traditional pharmacopoeia and African medicinal plants. OAU/STRC Publishers, Lagos, No 115, p. 216.
Oladimeji HO, Nia R and Oforah E (2007). The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Centrosoma pulmeiri (Benth.). J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 2: 580-585.
Oladimeji HO and Akpan BC (2014). Antioxidant potential of some Nigerian herbal recipes. J. Pharma. Biores. 11: 77-85.
Oladimeji HO, Attih EE and Udo CU (2016a). Ethyl succinate and ethyl β-riboside from Acalypha wilkesiana var. golden-yellow (Muell & Arg.). Eur. Chem. Bull. 5:147-150.
Oladimeji HO, Usifoh CO and Anah VU (2016b). Di-alkyl substituted phenol from Acalypha wilkesiana var. golden-yellow (Muell & Arg.). J. Pharm. Biores. 13: 1-5.
Oliver B (1959). Medicinal plants in Nigeria I. Nigerian College of Arts, Science and Technology, Ibadan, p. 4.
Oliver B (1960). Medicinal plants in Nigeria II. Nigerian college of arts, science and technology, Ibadan, pp. 42 and 50-51.
Piper T (2006). Stedman’s medical dictionary. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia, pp. 56-57.
Shahidi F (2000). Antioxidants in food and food antioxidants. Nahrung, 44: 158-163.
Singh RP, Chidambara MK and Jayaprakash GK (2002). Studies on the antioxidant activity of pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel and seed extracts using in-vitro model. J. Agric. Food Chem. 50: 81-86.
Speroni E, Guerra MC, Minghetti A, Cerspi-Perellino N, Pusini P and Roda A (1998). Oleuropein evaluated in-vitro and in-vivo as an antioxidant. Phytother. Res., 12: 98-100.
Sofowora A (2008). Medicinal plants and traditional medicine in Africa. Spectrum Book Limited, Ibadan, pp. 152-160.
Svoboda K, Brooker JD and Zrustova J (2006). Antibacterial and antioxidant properties of essential oils. Their potential applications in food industries. Acta. Horticulture (SHS), 709: 35-43.
Thomas PG and Wade AM (2001). Histidine containing nutriceuticals. Official Gazette of the United States and Trade Mark Office Patents, 1253: 2.
Toda S and Shirataki Y (1998). Inhibitory effects of isoflavones in roots of Astralagus membranaceus (Astralagus radix) on lipid peroxidation by reactive oxygen species. Phytother. Res. 12: 59-61.
Tsimidou M and Boskou D (1994). Antioxidant activity of essential oils from the plants of Laminaceae family. In: G. Charalampous spices, herbs and edible fungi. Elsevier publishers, Amsterdam, pp. 273-284.
Watt JM and Breyer-Brandwijk MG (1962). The medicinal and poisonous plants of Southern and Eastern Africa. E. and S. Livingstone Limited, London, p. 45.
Yokosawa T, Dong E, Liu ZW and Shimizu M (1997). Anti-oxidative activities of flavones and flavonols. In-vitro. 11: 446-449.
Full Text: PDF
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.