Impact of depression on adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV/AIDS patients at a Kenyan referral hospital

Abstract

Background: Kenya is faced with an increasing challenge of co-morbid psychological and social factors among HIV-Infected patients which has had a profound impact on their medication adherence. A major psychosocial factor that is a barrier in adherence is depression associated with HIV. This study aimed at measuring the effect of depression on participants’ own reported adherence to antiretroviral therapy.

Objectives: To determine the impact depression has had on adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected patients at a Kenyatta Hospital.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study design was carried out at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. Three hundred and eighty four (384) HIV infected participants were assessed for HIV related depression and adherence to ART. Levels of HIV related depression and adherence to ART were ascertained.

Results: The prevalence of depression was 23.3 %.  The prevalence of mild, moderate and severe depression was 21.2 %, 1.8 % and 0.3 % respectively. The mean non adherence and average mean adherence rate were 27.9 % and 22.4 % respectively.

Conclusion: There was a minimal relationship between depression and non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adult HIV infected patients. Depression was not statistically significantly associated with adherence to antiretroviral therapy.

Key words: Depression, adherence, antiretroviral therapy